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<span style="margin-right:8px;"><b>License-review</b></span> <span style="display: inline-block;">
Thursday, January 30 at 5:46 AM</span> </div>
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Since it has to be an Open-Source license due to funding requirements (usually a requirement in the public sector in Germany), we decided to submit this license to the Open-Source Initiative</div>
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I think it would be pertinent to ask whether the requirement for an open source license being used in Germany means that it has to be a registered open source license or whether a developer can simply draft a license such as the one under review and deem the
software open source according to that license?</div>
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<div id="divRplyFwdMsg" dir="ltr"><font face="Calibri, sans-serif" style="font-size:11pt" color="#000000"><b>From:</b> License-review <license-review-bounces@lists.opensource.org> on behalf of Langenheim, Niccolo <niccolo.langenheim@luther-lawfirm.com><br>
<b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, January 29, 2025 8:37:06 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> License submissions for OSI review <license-review@lists.opensource.org><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [License-review] Request for a new license review [Luther-LAW_DE.FID5237501]</font>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Dear Pam,</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">thanks for your positive feedback. I also hope that the OSC license will be approved as soon as possible as an Open-Source
license. I would like to stress once again the urgent need for the license to be written in German.
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<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">In response to your questions, I would like to explain the following:</span></p>
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<b><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">EUPL Limitation of Liabilily:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"></span></li></ol>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">The EUPL license provides that liability only applies in cases of intent or personal injury. I think this limitation
of liability was chosen in particular to achieve a European compromise on the limitation of liability. However, German courts have long since prohibited the exclusion of liability for the negligent non-fulfilment of so-called “cardinal obligations”. Likewise,
the German Civil Code (BGB) contains provisions at various points (depending on the type of contract) that an exclusion of liability does not apply if defects have previously been fraudulently concealed (see, among others, §§ 444, 536d, 639 BGB). In order
to cover this legal condition and to make the limitation of liability as legally secure as possible, we have also included these restrictions.
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Comparison of the limitation of liability under donation law and the contractual limitation of liability:</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"></span></li></ol>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">According to § 521 BGB, the donor is only liable in the event of intent or gross negligence. The limitation of liability
according to § 521 BGB is thus more comprehensive than the limitation of liability I proposed in the OSC license. In contrast to the limitation of liability according to § 521 BGB, the licensor is also liable for
<b>the fraudulent concealment</b> and the <b>negligent breach</b> of a cardinal obligation in the case of the OSC license. In summary, it can be said that the German legislature has provided a limitation of liability in the context of donation law that goes
beyond a contractually possible limitation of liability. </span></p>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Purpose of the OSC license:</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"></span></li></ol>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Our client, the city of Solingen, is working with other cities in Germany to develop a software program that is to be
made available under this new license. Please excuse me for not being able to share further information on this project due to client confidentiality. Since various German cities are involved, there is a particular need to use an Open-Source license that allows
the greatest possible freedom (as with the MIT license), is written in German and includes a limitation of liability that is effective under German law and holds up in German courts. According to our research, such a license does not currently exist. Therefore,
the need arose to register a new license. Since it has to be an Open-Source license due to funding requirements (usually a requirement in the public sector in Germany), we decided to submit this license to the Open-Source Initiative. In this respect, I can
understand your argument that a non-lawyer, when faced with the choice between the original MIT license and this license, would always choose the MIT license – however, in the public sector, the necessity for such a license is given, in particular due to the
effective limitation of liability. </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">I am happy to answer any further questions.</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Kind Regards,</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Niccolo Langenheim</span></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> License-review <license-review-bounces@lists.opensource.org>
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Pamela Chestek<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Samstag, 25. Januar 2025 18:04<br>
<b>To:</b> license-review@lists.opensource.org<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [License-review] Request for a new license review [Luther-LAW_DE.FID5237501]</span></p>
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<p>Dear Niccolo,</p>
<p>Thank you very much for the clear explanation, it was very helpful. Let me say first that I don't see any problem with approving it as an open source license (my personal opinion only). I can't think of any reason why a license that accepts greater liability
would contradict the OSD. I hope more German speakers will weigh in, though, on whether there is any changed meaning because of the translation - Dirk provided some feedback and it would be useful to have more.</p>
<p>My questions are more about its usefulness. </p>
<p>I assume the exclusion as you have written it is identical to what German law says cannot be excluded, even by contract? I ask because the EUPL excludes only "wilful misconduct or damages directly caused to natural persons," which seems much narrower than
your proposal, "INTENT, FRAUDULENT MISREPRESENTATION, GROSS NEGLIGENCE, INJURY TO LIFE, LIMB OR HEALTH AND INSOFAR AS LIABILITY CANNOT BE LIMITED OR EXCLUDED BY LAW." If the license is deemed to be a gift, does this language expose someone to greater liability
than they would have because, contractually, they agreed to it? In other words, are the exclusions for gifts and the exclusions that are permitted in contracts the same, and reflected in your language?</p>
<p>I am also curious about the audience for this license. You mention that you are working on behalf of the city of Solingen. Will they be adopting the license for their own works? My thought is that a non-lawyer, when confronted with the choice of the original
MIT license and this license, will always choose the MIT license because no one who would choose a limitation that is less comprehensive than one that is more comprehensive, unless they understand everything you explained below. So I wonder who would actually
choose this license, even if it is the better choice under German law.</p>
<p>And doesn't the city of Soligen have some kind of limitation on liability because it is a governmental unit?
</p>
<p>Thank you for the time you are taking to respond, I appreciate it.</p>
<p>Pam</p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">Pamela S. Chestek<br>
Chestek Legal<br>
4641 Post St.<br>
Unit 4316<br>
El Dorado Hills, CA 95762<br>
+1 919-800-8033<br>
pamela@chesteklegal<br>
<a href="http://www.chesteklegal.com">www.chesteklegal.com</a><br>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal">On 1/23/2025 2:54 AM, Langenheim, Niccolo wrote:</p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Dear Pam,</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">First of all, I would like to confirm that your assumption is correct, that this is essentially the MIT license with a modified limitation of liability
adapted to German law. </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Regarding the questions about the limitation of liability, I would like to explain the following:</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">I would like to provide a brief introduction to the legal assessment of a limitation of liability in Open-Source licenses. A limitation of liability
can, on the one hand, result from the applicable statutory <b>law </b>(as is the case with Liability of the donor according to § 521 BGB) or, on the other hand, be agreed
<b>individually by contract</b> between the parties. According to § 521 BGB, the donor (licensor) is only liable for intent and gross negligence. In order to assess whether a statutory limitation of liability is applicable, it must first be determined which
type of contract the Open-Source license falls under. In German legal literature, it is predominantly assumed that Open-Source licenses are generally subject to the donation law and that a limitation of liability within the limits of § 521 BGB therefore applies.</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">However, I would like to emphasize that this is only the opinion of the legal literature. We are not aware of any court ruling that confirms this
view. In this respect, there is a risk that a court may come to a different legal conclusion. For example, a court could evaluate the Open-Source licensing as normal licensing, with the result that, depending on the design, the provisions of the purchase,
work or rental contract are applicable. These provisions do not have a limitation of liability comparable to the donation law.</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">In order to exclude this risk and to agree on an effective limitation of liability independently of the legal assessment of the courts, it is therefore
advisable to include an individual contractual limitation of liability in the license agreement. This was done in the original MIT license, but the limitation of liability in the standard MIT license does not meet the German legal requirements for an effective
limitation of liability, since all liability (regardless of the type of damage and intentional commission) is excluded. This is invalid according to Section 309 No. 7 of the German Civil Code (BGB), with the consequence that the entire limitation of liability
is invalid.</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">This means that the product can be licensed according to the conditions that go beyond the limitation of liability, but an effective limitation of
liability has not been agreed. It follows that the licensor is liable without limitation for any damages in accordance with the statutory provisions. In summary, this creates a liability risk for the licensor.</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">I hope that I have been able to answer your questions with the above information and I am happy to answer any further questions.</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Kind Regards,</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Niccolo Langenheim</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Niccolo</span></b><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Langenheim,
LL.M.</span></b></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Rechtsanwalt</span></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Luther Rechtsanwaltsgesellschaft mbH</span></b></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:8.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Anna-Schneider-Steig 22 (Rheinauhafen), 50678 Köln, Germany</span></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:8.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Phone: +49 221 9937 21105</span></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:8.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:#C7114A"><a href="mailto:niccolo.langenheim@luther-lawfirm.com" title="Click to send
email to Langenheim, Niccolo"><span style="color:#C7114A">niccolo.langenheim@luther-lawfirm.com</span></a></span></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:8.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:#C7114A"><a href="http://www.luther-lawfirm.com/"><span style="color:#C7114A">www.luther-lawfirm.com</span></a></span></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:8.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Einen Überblick über unsere aktuellen Veranstaltungen finden Sie im
</span><u><span style="font-size:8.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:#C7114A"><a href="https://www.luther-lawfirm.com/newsroom/veranstaltungen"><span style="color:#C7114A">Luther-Terminkalender</span></a></span></u></p>
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</span><a href="http://www.luther-lawfirm.com/"><span style="font-size:7.5pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:blue; text-decoration:none"><img border="0" width="277" height="52" id="x__x0000_i1050" src="cid:image002.png@01DB726C.04BA8A50" style="width:2.8854in; height:.5416in"></span></a></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> License-review
<a href="mailto:license-review-bounces@lists.opensource.org"><license-review-bounces@lists.opensource.org></a>
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Pamela Chestek<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Mittwoch, 8. Januar 2025 08:56<br>
<b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:license-review@lists.opensource.org">license-review@lists.opensource.org</a><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [License-review] Request for a new license review [Luther-LAW_DE.FID5237501]</span></p>
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<p>Niccolo,</p>
<p>As you mentioned, this is essentially the MIT License with a modified limitation of liability. You have said "the versatile MIT license does not contain a limitation of liability that is effective under German law." I would like to understand more about
how the MIT License would be interpreted under German law. If the limitation of liability in it is not effective, how would the document be construed? Is it ineffective altogether, so there is no grant of a license at all? Of is the offending paragraph stricken,
so license is effective but there is no limitation on liability? </p>
<p>If that is the case, what is the possible liability of the authors or copyright holders where there is no limitation? For example, the language in your proposed license is "IN THE EVENT OF NEGLIGENT BREACH OF AN OBLIGATION, WHOSE FULFILLMENT IS ESSENTIAL
FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF THE CONTRACT (CARDINAL OBLIGATION), THE LIABILITY OF THE AUTHOR OR COPYRIGHT HOLDER IS LIMITED TO THE AMOUNT OF DAMAGE THAT IS FORESEEABLE AND TYPICAL AT THE TIME THE CONTRACT IS CONCLUDED." Without that language, what is the extent
of the liability the author or copyright holder might have? For example, would they be liable for non-negligent acts?</p>
<p>I'm just trying to understand what the advantage is to stating the lawful boundaries of a limitation of liability versus what will happen with an unenforceable limitation - that is, if the MIT license, with an unenforceable limitation, nevertheless ends
up in about the same place.</p>
<p>Just also as a general point of information for readers, in the US it varies from state to state, but in general we also cannot disclaim liability for intentional, fraudulent, or grossly negligent acts. But most likely a could would just ignore the attempt
and allow the limitation to the extent it is lawful.</p>
<p>Thanks,</p>
<p>Pam</p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">Pamela S. Chestek (in my personal capacity)<br>
Chestek Legal<br>
PLEASE NOTE OUR NEW MAILING ADDRESS<br>
4641 Post St.<br>
Unit 4316<br>
El Dorado Hills, CA 95762<br>
+1 919-800-8033<br>
pamela@chesteklegal<br>
<a href="http://www.chesteklegal.com">www.chesteklegal.com</a><br>
<br>
<br>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal">On 12/23/2024 3:17 AM, Langenheim, Niccolo wrote:</p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Dear all,</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">first thanks for the helpful feedback so far. Please find attached a first version of the English license text. We are still looking for an Open
Source valid certified translator who will submit a certified translation. As soon as we have such a certified translation, we will make it available to you immediately. As we need to have a German license text, we need an official, and OSI-approved text of
those licenses in German. </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">The following is also the other requested information for the review process:</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<ol start="1" type="1" style="margin-top:0cm">
<li class="x_MsoNormal" style="color:black"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">A copy of the license in both German and English can be found in the attachment in plain text format.</span></li><li class="x_MsoNormal" style="color:black"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">I hereby confirm that, to the best of my knowledge, the license submitted complies with the Open Source Definition and in particular fulfills
OSD 3, 5, 6 and 9.</span></li><li class="x_MsoNormal" style="color:black"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Since the license is to be used and created for the first time for a cross-city project, there are currently no projects using the license.
However, it is planned that the license will be used in mid/late January.</span></li><li class="x_MsoNormal" style="color:black"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">The name of the license is OSC License and the version number is 1.0.</span></li><li class="x_MsoNormal" style="color:black"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Need for regulation: Based on the queries, I would like to reiterate that the problem with the invalid limitation of liability mentioned
in the previous email does not only exist in the public sphere (cities, etc.), but for anyone who wants to use the license. Regarding the distinction between the rights holder and the author, I would like to state the following:</span></li></ol>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.6pt; text-indent:35.4pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Copyright arises from the act of creation. It encompasses a range of powers of the author to use and
exploit his work, which will be explained in more detail below.</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="text-indent:35.4pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">However, a distinction must be made here between two essential concepts:</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">On the one hand, there is the highly personal right as the author. It is inextricably linked to the person of the author
– which is why it is also referred to as the author's moral right. This right cannot be transferred to another person by contract, nor can another person be contractually designated as the author if the latter was not directly, practically and personally involved
in the creation of the work. Furthermore, the author cannot waive his or her (moral) right of authorship.</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">The moral rights of the author are to be distinguished from the rights of use and exploitation of a work – these can be
transferred to other persons, for example by means of a license agreement. In order to take into account this
<b>possible, but not mandatory</b>, disassociation of the author and the rights holder, both are included in the license.</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Please do not hesitate to contact me if you have any further questions and please let me know if you require any further information.</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Kind Regards</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Niccolo Langenheim</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Niccolo</span></b><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Langenheim,
LL.M.</span></b></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Rechtsanwalt</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">IP/IT</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt; color:black">Nächste geplante Abwesenheit/next planned absence: 23.12.2024 – 13.01.2025</span></b></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Luther Rechtsanwaltsgesellschaft mbH</span></b></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:8.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Anna-Schneider-Steig 22 (Rheinauhafen), 50678 Köln, Germany</span></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:8.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Phone: +49 221 9937 21105</span></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:8.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Fax: +49 221 9937 110</span></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:8.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Mobile: +49 152 016 21105</span></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:8.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:#C7114A"><a href="mailto:niccolo.langenheim@luther-lawfirm.com" title="Click to send
email to Langenheim, Niccolo"><span style="color:#C7114A">niccolo.langenheim@luther-lawfirm.com</span></a></span></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:8.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:#C7114A"><a href="http://www.luther-lawfirm.com/"><span style="color:#C7114A">www.luther-lawfirm.com</span></a></span></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal" style=""><a href="http://www.luther-lawfirm.com/"><span style="font-size:7.5pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:blue; text-decoration:none"><img border="0" width="324" height="113" id="x_Picture_x0020_3" src="cid:image001.png@01DB726C.04BA8A50" alt="Luther Lawfirm - Juve 2024" style="width:3.375in; height:1.177in"></span></a></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:8.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Einen Überblick über unsere aktuellen Veranstaltungen finden Sie im
</span><u><span style="font-size:8.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:#C7114A"><a href="https://www.luther-lawfirm.com/newsroom/veranstaltungen"><span style="color:#C7114A">Luther-Terminkalender</span></a></span></u></p>
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</span><a href="http://www.luther-lawfirm.com/"><span style="font-size:7.5pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:blue; text-decoration:none"><img border="0" width="277" height="52" id="x_Picture_x0020_2" src="cid:image002.png@01DB726C.04BA8A50" style="width:2.8854in; height:.5416in"></span></a></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> License-review
<a href="mailto:license-review-bounces@lists.opensource.org"><license-review-bounces@lists.opensource.org></a>
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Pamela Chestek<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Freitag, 13. Dezember 2024 05:09<br>
<b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:license-review@lists.opensource.org">license-review@lists.opensource.org</a><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [License-review] Request for a new license review</span></p>
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<p>Hi Niccolo,</p>
<p>Can you submit it with the information described on this page? <a href="https://opensource.org/licenses/review-process">
https://opensource.org/licenses/review-process</a></p>
<p>Since this is not in English, we will also need a certified translation of the license.</p>
<p>Thanks,</p>
<p>Pam Chestek<br>
Chair, License Committee<br>
Open Source Initiative</p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal">On 12/11/2024 1:58 AM, Langenheim, Niccolo wrote:</p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Dear Open Source Initiative Team,</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">With this e-mail I am submitting a new Open Source license on behalf of my client, the city of Solingen in Germany. The need for the new license
stems from the fact that the versatile MIT license does not contain a limitation of liability that is effective under German law. Even if it is predominantly assumed in the specialist literature that Open Source licenses are generally subject to donation law
and therefore more favourable liability and warranty rights apply, it has not yet been confirmed by the courts. This results in the risk that courts may adopt a different legal interpretation in the event of a dispute, with the result that the statutory liability
limitations of donation law no longer apply. However, it is particularly important for public law projects of cities, municipalities, etc. to agree a legally secure limitation of liability that guarantees a limitation of liability regardless of the legal classification.</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">In order to close this gap in the limitation of liability and at the same time benefit from the advantages of an MIT license, we have drafted the
following license, which, apart from an effective limitation of liability, is based on the MIT license:</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Copyright (c) <Jahr> <Copyright Inhaber></span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Jedem, der eine Kopie dieser Software und der zugehörigen Dokumentationsdateien (die „Software“) erhält, wird hiermit kostenlos die Erlaubnis erteilt, ohne Einschränkung
mit der Software zu handeln, einschließlich und ohne Einschränkung der Rechte zur Nutzung, zum Kopieren, Ändern, Zusammenführen, Veröffentlichen, Verteilen, Unterlizenzieren und/oder Verkaufen von Kopien der Software, und Personen, denen die Software zur Verfügung
gestellt wird, dies unter den folgenden Bedingungen zu gestatten:</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Der obige Urheberrechtshinweis und dieser Genehmigungshinweis müssen in allen Kopien oder wesentlichen Teilen der Software enthalten sein.</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">DIE AUTOREN ODER URHEBERRECHTSINHABER HAFTEN UNBESCHRÄNKT BEI VORSATZ, ARGLISTIGER TÄUSCHUNG, GROBER FAHRLÄSSIGKEIT, DER VERLETZUNG VON LEIB, LEBEN ODER GESUNDHEIT
UND SOWEIT DIE HAFTUNG GESETZLICH NICHT BESCHRÄNKT ODER AUSGESCHLOSSEN WERDEN KANN. BEI FAHRLÄSSIGER VERLETZUNG EINER PFLICHT, DEREN ERFÜLLUNG WESENTLICH FÜR DIE DURCHFÜHRUNG DES VERTRAGS IST (KARDINALPFLICHT), HAFTEN DIE AUTOREN ODER URHEBERRECHTSINHABER
DER HÖHE NACH BEGRENZT AUF DEN SCHADEN, DER BEI VERTRAGSSCHLUSS VORHERSEHBAR UND TYPISCH IST.</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">DARÜBER HINAUS IST EINE HAFTUNG AUSGESCHLOSSEN.
</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">DIE VORSTEHENDE HAFTUNGSBESCHRÄNKUNG GILT AUCH FÜR DIE HAFTUNG DER MITARBEITER, VERTRETER UND ORGANE DER AUTOREN ODER URHEBERRECHTSINHABER.</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Finally, I would like to note that the license has been legally reviewed by our law firm.
</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">I will be happy to answer any further questions.</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span></p>
<div>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Kind Regards</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Niccolo</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Langenheim</span></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Luther Rechtsanwaltsgesellschaft mbH</span></b></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:8.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Anna-Schneider-Steig 22 (Rheinauhafen), 50678 Köln, Germany</span></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:8.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Phone: +49 221 9937 21105</span></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:8.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:black">Einen Überblick über unsere aktuellen Veranstaltungen finden Sie im
</span><u><span style="font-size:8.0pt; font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; color:#C7114A"><a href="https://www.luther-lawfirm.com/newsroom/veranstaltungen"><span style="color:#C7114A">Luther-Terminkalender</span></a></span></u></p>
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<div class="x_MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">
<hr size="2" width="100%" align="center">
</span></div>
<p><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Geschäftsführer: Elisabeth Lepique, Dr. Markus Sengpiel</span><br>
<span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Die Gesellschaft ist eingetragen beim Registergericht Köln</span><br>
<span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">(Sitz der Gesellschaft) Nr. HRB 39853<br>
<br>
Information on how Luther handles your personal data can be found <a href="https://www.luther-lawfirm.com/datenschutzinformation-mandanten">here</a>.<br>
This e-mail communication (and any attachment/s) is confidential and intended only for the individual(s) or entity named above and others who have been specifically authorised to receive it. If you are not the intended recipient, please do not read, copy, use
or disclose the contents of this communication to others. Please notify the sender that you have received this e-mail in error, by calling the phone number indicated or by e-mail, and delete the e-mail (including any attachment/s) subsequently. This information
may be subject to professional secrecy (e. g. of auditor, tax or legal advisor), other privilege or otherwise be protected by work product immunity or other legal rules. Thank you.</span></p>
<div class="x_MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">
<hr size="2" width="100%" align="center">
</span></div>
<p> </p>
<p><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><br>
<span style="font-size:12.0pt"><br>
<br>
<br>
</span></p>
<pre>_______________________________________________</pre>
<pre>The opinions expressed in this email are those of the sender and not necessarily those of the Open Source Initiative. Communication from the Open Source Initiative will be sent from an opensource.org email address.</pre>
<pre> </pre>
<pre>License-review mailing list</pre>
<pre><a href="mailto:License-review@lists.opensource.org">License-review@lists.opensource.org</a></pre>
<pre><a href="http://lists.opensource.org/mailman/listinfo/license-review_lists.opensource.org">http://lists.opensource.org/mailman/listinfo/license-review_lists.opensource.org</a></pre>
</blockquote>
<div>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">-- <br>
Pamela S. Chestek Chair, License Committee Open Source Initiative</span></p>
</div>
<p> </p>
<div class="x_MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">
<hr size="2" width="100%" align="center">
</span></div>
<p><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Geschäftsführer: Elisabeth Lepique, Dr. Markus Sengpiel</span><br>
<span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Die Gesellschaft ist eingetragen beim Registergericht Köln</span><br>
<span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">(Sitz der Gesellschaft) Nr. HRB 39853<br>
<br>
Information on how Luther handles your personal data can be found <a href="https://www.luther-lawfirm.com/datenschutzinformation-mandanten">here</a>.<br>
This e-mail communication (and any attachment/s) is confidential and intended only for the individual(s) or entity named above and others who have been specifically authorised to receive it. If you are not the intended recipient, please do not read, copy, use
or disclose the contents of this communication to others. Please notify the sender that you have received this e-mail in error, by calling the phone number indicated or by e-mail, and delete the e-mail (including any attachment/s) subsequently. This information
may be subject to professional secrecy (e. g. of auditor, tax or legal advisor), other privilege or otherwise be protected by work product immunity or other legal rules. Thank you.</span></p>
<div class="x_MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">
<hr size="2" width="100%" align="center">
</span></div>
<p> </p>
<p><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><br>
<span style="font-size:12.0pt"><br>
<br>
</span></p>
<pre>_______________________________________________</pre>
<pre>The opinions expressed in this email are those of the sender and not necessarily those of the Open Source Initiative. Communication from the Open Source Initiative will be sent from an opensource.org email address.</pre>
<pre> </pre>
<pre>License-review mailing list</pre>
<pre><a href="mailto:License-review@lists.opensource.org">License-review@lists.opensource.org</a></pre>
<pre><a href="http://lists.opensource.org/mailman/listinfo/license-review_lists.opensource.org">http://lists.opensource.org/mailman/listinfo/license-review_lists.opensource.org</a></pre>
</blockquote>
<p> </p>
<div class="x_MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">
<hr size="2" width="100%" align="center">
</span></div>
<p><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Geschäftsführer: Elisabeth Lepique, Dr. Markus Sengpiel</span><br>
<span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Die Gesellschaft ist eingetragen beim Registergericht Köln</span><br>
<span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">(Sitz der Gesellschaft) Nr. HRB 39853<br>
<br>
Information on how Luther handles your personal data can be found <a href="https://www.luther-lawfirm.com/datenschutzinformation-mandanten">here</a>.<br>
This e-mail communication (and any attachment/s) is confidential and intended only for the individual(s) or entity named above and others who have been specifically authorised to receive it. If you are not the intended recipient, please do not read, copy, use
or disclose the contents of this communication to others. Please notify the sender that you have received this e-mail in error, by calling the phone number indicated or by e-mail, and delete the e-mail (including any attachment/s) subsequently. This information
may be subject to professional secrecy (e. g. of auditor, tax or legal advisor), other privilege or otherwise be protected by work product immunity or other legal rules. Thank you.</span></p>
<div class="x_MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">
<hr size="2" width="100%" align="center">
</span></div>
<p> </p>
<p><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><br>
<br>
</span></p>
<pre>_______________________________________________</pre>
<pre>The opinions expressed in this email are those of the sender and not necessarily those of the Open Source Initiative. Communication from the Open Source Initiative will be sent from an opensource.org email address.</pre>
<pre> </pre>
<pre>License-review mailing list</pre>
<pre><a href="mailto:License-review@lists.opensource.org">License-review@lists.opensource.org</a></pre>
<pre><a href="http://lists.opensource.org/mailman/listinfo/license-review_lists.opensource.org">http://lists.opensource.org/mailman/listinfo/license-review_lists.opensource.org</a></pre>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p> </p>
<hr>
<p><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">Geschäftsführer: Elisabeth Lepique, Dr. Markus Sengpiel</span><br>
<span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">Die Gesellschaft ist eingetragen beim Registergericht Köln</span><br>
<span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">(Sitz der Gesellschaft) Nr. HRB 39853<br>
<br>
Information on how Luther handles your personal data can be found <a href="https://www.luther-lawfirm.com/datenschutzinformation-mandanten">here</a>.<br>
This e-mail communication (and any attachment/s) is confidential and intended only for the individual(s) or entity named above and others who have been specifically authorised to receive it. If you are not the intended recipient, please do not read, copy, use
or disclose the contents of this communication to others. Please notify the sender that you have received this e-mail in error, by calling the phone number indicated or by e-mail, and delete the e-mail (including any attachment/s) subsequently. This information
may be subject to professional secrecy (e. g. of auditor, tax or legal advisor), other privilege or otherwise be protected by work product immunity or other legal rules. Thank you.</span></p>
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