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<p>Dear Niccolo,</p>
<p>Thank you very much for the clear explanation, it was very
helpful. Let me say first that I don't see any problem with
approving it as an open source license (my personal opinion only).
I can't think of any reason why a license that accepts greater
liability would contradict the OSD. I hope more German speakers
will weigh in, though, on whether there is any changed meaning
because of the translation - Dirk provided some feedback and it
would be useful to have more.<br>
</p>
<p>My questions are more about its usefulness. <br>
</p>
<p>I assume the exclusion as you have written it is identical to
what German law says cannot be excluded, even by contract? I ask
because the EUPL excludes only "wilful misconduct or damages
directly caused to natural persons," which seems much narrower
than your proposal, "INTENT, FRAUDULENT MISREPRESENTATION, GROSS
NEGLIGENCE, INJURY TO LIFE, LIMB OR HEALTH AND INSOFAR AS
LIABILITY CANNOT BE LIMITED OR EXCLUDED BY LAW." If the license is
deemed to be a gift, does this language expose someone to greater
liability than they would have because, contractually, they agreed
to it? In other words, are the exclusions for gifts and the
exclusions that are permitted in contracts the same, and reflected
in your language?<br>
</p>
<p>I am also curious about the audience for this license. You
mention that you are working on behalf of the city of Solingen.
Will they be adopting the license for their own works? My thought
is that a non-lawyer, when confronted with the choice of the
original MIT license and this license, will always choose the MIT
license because no one who would choose a limitation that is less
comprehensive than one that is more comprehensive, unless they
understand everything you explained below. So I wonder who would
actually choose this license, even if it is the better choice
under German law.<br>
</p>
<p>And doesn't the city of Soligen have some kind of limitation on
liability because it is a governmental unit? <br>
</p>
<p>Thank you for the time you are taking to respond, I appreciate
it.</p>
<p>Pam<br>
</p>
<div class="moz-signature">Pamela S. Chestek<br>
Chestek Legal<br>
4641 Post St.<br>
Unit 4316<br>
El Dorado Hills, CA 95762<br>
+1 919-800-8033<br>
pamela@chesteklegal<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.chesteklegal.com">www.chesteklegal.com</a><br>
<br>
<br>
</div>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 1/23/2025 2:54 AM, Langenheim,
Niccolo wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:VI1P194MB0303C53C2A572168EF27B6ACA3E02@VI1P194MB0303.EURP194.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM">
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<div class="WordSection1">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US">Dear Pam,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US">First of all, I would like to confirm that your
assumption is correct, that this is essentially the MIT
license with a modified limitation of liability adapted to
German law. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US">Regarding the questions about the limitation of
liability, I would like to explain the following:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US">I would like to provide a brief introduction to
the legal assessment of a limitation of liability in
Open-Source licenses. A limitation of liability can, on the
one hand, result from the applicable statutory <b>law </b>(as
is the case with Liability of the donor according to § 521
BGB) or, on the other hand, be agreed
<b>individually by contract</b> between the parties.
According to § 521 BGB, the donor (licensor) is only liable
for intent and gross negligence. In order to assess whether
a statutory limitation of liability is applicable, it must
first be determined which type of contract the Open-Source
license falls under. In German legal literature, it is
predominantly assumed that Open-Source licenses are
generally subject to the donation law and that a limitation
of liability within the limits of § 521 BGB therefore
applies.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US">However, I would like to emphasize that this is
only the opinion of the legal literature. We are not aware
of any court ruling that confirms this view. In this
respect, there is a risk that a court may come to a
different legal conclusion. For example, a court could
evaluate the Open-Source licensing as normal licensing, with
the result that, depending on the design, the provisions of
the purchase, work or rental contract are applicable. These
provisions do not have a limitation of liability comparable
to the donation law.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US">In order to exclude this risk and to agree on
an effective limitation of liability independently of the
legal assessment of the courts, it is therefore advisable to
include an individual contractual limitation of liability in
the license agreement. This was done in the original MIT
license, but the limitation of liability in the standard MIT
license does not meet the German legal requirements for an
effective limitation of liability, since all liability
(regardless of the type of damage and intentional
commission) is excluded. This is invalid according to
Section 309 No. 7 of the German Civil Code (BGB), with the
consequence that the entire limitation of liability is
invalid.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US">This means that the product can be licensed
according to the conditions that go beyond the limitation of
liability, but an effective limitation of liability has not
been agreed. It follows that the licensor is liable without
limitation for any damages in accordance with the statutory
provisions. In summary, this creates a liability risk for
the licensor.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US">I hope that I have been able to answer your
questions with the above information and I am happy to
answer any further questions.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Kind
Regards,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Niccolo
Langenheim<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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lang="EN-US">From:</span></b><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ligatures:none;mso-fareast-language:DE"
lang="EN-US"> License-review
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:license-review-bounces@lists.opensource.org"><license-review-bounces@lists.opensource.org></a> <b>On
Behalf Of </b>Pamela Chestek<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Mittwoch, 8. Januar 2025 08:56<br>
<b>To:</b> <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:license-review@lists.opensource.org">license-review@lists.opensource.org</a><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [License-review] Request for a new
license review [Luther-LAW_DE.FID5237501]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p>Niccolo,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>As you mentioned, this is essentially the MIT License with a
modified limitation of liability. You have said "the versatile
MIT license does not contain a limitation of liability that is
effective under German law." I would like to understand more
about how the MIT License would be interpreted under German
law. If the limitation of liability in it is not effective,
how would the document be construed? Is it ineffective
altogether, so there is no grant of a license at all? Of is
the offending paragraph stricken, so license is effective but
there is no limitation on liability? <o:p></o:p></p>
<p>If that is the case, what is the possible liability of the
authors or copyright holders where there is no limitation? For
example, the language in your proposed license is "IN THE
EVENT OF NEGLIGENT BREACH OF AN OBLIGATION, WHOSE FULFILLMENT
IS ESSENTIAL FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF THE CONTRACT (CARDINAL
OBLIGATION), THE LIABILITY OF THE AUTHOR OR COPYRIGHT HOLDER
IS LIMITED TO THE AMOUNT OF DAMAGE THAT IS FORESEEABLE AND
TYPICAL AT THE TIME THE CONTRACT IS CONCLUDED." Without that
language, what is the extent of the liability the author or
copyright holder might have? For example, would they be liable
for non-negligent acts?<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>I'm just trying to understand what the advantage is to
stating the lawful boundaries of a limitation of liability
versus what will happen with an unenforceable limitation -
that is, if the MIT license, with an unenforceable limitation,
nevertheless ends up in about the same place.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>Just also as a general point of information for readers, in
the US it varies from state to state, but in general we also
cannot disclaim liability for intentional, fraudulent, or
grossly negligent acts. But most likely a could would just
ignore the attempt and allow the limitation to the extent it
is lawful.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>Thanks,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>Pam<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">Pamela S.
Chestek (in my personal capacity)<br>
Chestek Legal<br>
PLEASE NOTE OUR NEW MAILING ADDRESS<br>
4641 Post St.<br>
Unit 4316<br>
El Dorado Hills, CA 95762<br>
+1 919-800-8033<br>
pamela@chesteklegal<br>
<a href="http://www.chesteklegal.com" moz-do-not-send="true">www.chesteklegal.com</a><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></p>
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<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">On 12/23/2024 3:17 AM, Langenheim,
Niccolo wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US">Dear all,</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US">first thanks for
the helpful feedback so far.
Please find attached a first
version of the English license
text. We are still looking for
an Open Source valid certified
translator who will submit a
certified translation. As soon
as we have such a certified
translation, we will make it
available to you immediately.
As we need to have a German
license text, we need an
official, and OSI-approved
text of those licenses in
German. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US">The following is
also the other requested
information for the review
process:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<ol style="margin-top:0cm"
type="1" start="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"
style="color:black;mso-list:l2
level1 lfo3"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"
lang="EN-US">A copy of the
license in both German and
English can be found in the
attachment in plain text
format.</span><o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"
style="color:black;mso-list:l2
level1 lfo3"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"
lang="EN-US">I hereby
confirm that, to the best of
my knowledge, the license
submitted complies with the
Open Source Definition and
in particular fulfills OSD
3, 5, 6 and 9.</span><o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"
style="color:black;mso-list:l2
level1 lfo3"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"
lang="EN-US">Since the
license is to be used and
created for the first time
for a cross-city project,
there are currently no
projects using the license.
However, it is planned that
the license will be used in
mid/late January.</span><o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"
style="color:black;mso-list:l2
level1 lfo3"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"
lang="EN-US">The name of the
license is OSC License and
the version number is 1.0.</span><o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"
style="color:black;mso-list:l2
level1 lfo3"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"
lang="EN-US">Need for
regulation: Based on the
queries, I would like to
reiterate that the problem
with the invalid limitation
of liability mentioned in
the previous email does not
only exist in the public
sphere (cities, etc.), but
for anyone who wants to use
the license. Regarding the
distinction between the
rights holder and the
author, I would like to
state the following:</span><o:p></o:p></li>
</ol>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:.6pt;text-indent:35.4pt"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US">Copyright arises
from the act of creation. It
encompasses a range of powers
of the author to use and
exploit his work, which will
be explained in more detail
below.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="text-indent:35.4pt"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US">However, a
distinction must be made here
between two essential
concepts:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US">On the one hand,
there is the highly personal
right as the author. It is
inextricably linked to the
person of the author – which
is why it is also referred to
as the author's moral right.
This right cannot be
transferred to another person
by contract, nor can another
person be contractually
designated as the author if
the latter was not directly,
practically and personally
involved in the creation of
the work. Furthermore, the
author cannot waive his or her
(moral) right of authorship.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-left:35.4pt"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US">The moral rights
of the author are to be
distinguished from the rights
of use and exploitation of a
work – these can be
transferred to other persons,
for example by means of a
license agreement. In order to
take into account this
<b>possible, but not mandatory</b>,
disassociation of the author
and the rights holder, both
are included in the license.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US">Please do not
hesitate to contact me if you
have any further questions and
please let me know if you
require any further
information.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Kind
Regards</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Niccolo
Langenheim</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<div class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE">
<hr style="width:262.5pt"
width="350" size="2"
noshade="noshade"
align="left">
</span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<table class="MsoNormalTable" cellspacing="0"
cellpadding="0" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt
.75pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE">Niccolo</span></b><b><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE">
</span></b><b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE">Langenheim,
LL.M.</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt
.75pt"><br>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE">Rechtsanwalt</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE">IP/IT</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE">Nächste
geplante Abwesenheit/next planned
absence: 23.12.2024 – 13.01.2025</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE"> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<table class="MsoNormalTable" cellspacing="0"
cellpadding="0" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt
.75pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE">Luther
Rechtsanwaltsgesellschaft mbH</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt
.75pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE">Anna-Schneider-Steig
22 (Rheinauhafen), 50678 Köln,
Germany</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt
.75pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE">Phone:
+49 221 9937 21105</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt
.75pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE">Fax:
+49 221 9937 110</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt
.75pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE">Mobile:
+49 152 016 21105</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt
.75pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#C7114A;mso-fareast-language:DE"><a
href="mailto:niccolo.langenheim@luther-lawfirm.com" title="Click to send
email to Langenheim, Niccolo"
moz-do-not-send="true"><span
style="color:#C7114A">niccolo.langenheim@luther-lawfirm.com</span></a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt
.75pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#C7114A;mso-fareast-language:DE"><a
href="http://www.luther-lawfirm.com/" moz-do-not-send="true"><span
style="color:#C7114A">www.luther-lawfirm.com</span></a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<table class="MsoNormalTable" cellspacing="0"
cellpadding="0" border="0">
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<td style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt
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</td>
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</tbody>
</table>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><a
href="http://www.luther-lawfirm.com/"
moz-do-not-send="true"><span
style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:blue;mso-ligatures:none;mso-fareast-language:DE;text-decoration:none"><img
style="width:3.375in;height:1.177in"
id="Picture_x0020_3"
src="cid:part1.aZtTMjDt.Omxej5a1@chesteklegal.com"
alt="Luther Lawfirm - Juve 2024"
class="" width="324" height="113"
border="0"></span></a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<table class="MsoNormalTable" cellpadding="0"
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE">Einen
Überblick über unsere aktuellen
Veranstaltungen finden Sie im
</span><u><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#C7114A;mso-fareast-language:DE"><a
href="https://www.luther-lawfirm.com/newsroom/veranstaltungen"
moz-do-not-send="true"><span
style="color:#C7114A">Luther-Terminkalender</span></a></span></u><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE"><br>
<br>
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href="http://www.luther-lawfirm.com/"
moz-do-not-send="true"><span
style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:blue;mso-ligatures:none;mso-fareast-language:DE;text-decoration:none"><img
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</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<div style="border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1
1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ligatures:none;mso-fareast-language:DE"
lang="EN-US">From:</span></b><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ligatures:none;mso-fareast-language:DE"
lang="EN-US"> License-review
<a
href="mailto:license-review-bounces@lists.opensource.org"
moz-do-not-send="true"><license-review-bounces@lists.opensource.org></a>
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Pamela Chestek<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Freitag, 13. Dezember 2024 05:09<br>
<b>To:</b> <a
href="mailto:license-review@lists.opensource.org"
moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext">license-review@lists.opensource.org</a><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [License-review] Request for a new
license review</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p>Hi Niccolo,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>Can you submit it with the information described on this
page? <a
href="https://opensource.org/licenses/review-process"
moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext">
https://opensource.org/licenses/review-process</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p>Since this is not in English, we will also need a certified
translation of the license.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>Thanks,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>Pam Chestek<br>
Chair, License Committee<br>
Open Source Initiative<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">On 12/11/2024 1:58 AM, Langenheim,
Niccolo wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US">Dear Open Source Initiative Team,</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US">With this e-mail I am submitting a new Open
Source license on behalf of my client, the city of
Solingen in Germany. The need for the new license stems
from the fact that the versatile MIT license does not
contain a limitation of liability that is effective
under German law. Even if it is predominantly assumed in
the specialist literature that Open Source licenses are
generally subject to donation law and therefore more
favourable liability and warranty rights apply, it has
not yet been confirmed by the courts. This results in
the risk that courts may adopt a different legal
interpretation in the event of a dispute, with the
result that the statutory liability limitations of
donation law no longer apply. However, it is
particularly important for public law projects of
cities, municipalities, etc. to agree a legally secure
limitation of liability that guarantees a limitation of
liability regardless of the legal classification.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US">In order to close this gap in the
limitation of liability and at the same time benefit
from the advantages of an MIT license, we have drafted
the following license, which, apart from an effective
limitation of liability, is based on the MIT license:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US">Copyright (c) <Jahr> <Copyright
Inhaber></span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Jedem,
der eine Kopie dieser Software und der zugehörigen
Dokumentationsdateien (die „Software“) erhält, wird
hiermit kostenlos die Erlaubnis erteilt, ohne
Einschränkung mit der Software zu handeln,
einschließlich und ohne Einschränkung der Rechte zur
Nutzung, zum Kopieren, Ändern, Zusammenführen,
Veröffentlichen, Verteilen, Unterlizenzieren und/oder
Verkaufen von Kopien der Software, und Personen, denen
die Software zur Verfügung gestellt wird, dies unter den
folgenden Bedingungen zu gestatten:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Der
obige Urheberrechtshinweis und dieser
Genehmigungshinweis müssen in allen Kopien oder
wesentlichen Teilen der Software enthalten sein.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">DIE
AUTOREN ODER URHEBERRECHTSINHABER HAFTEN UNBESCHRÄNKT
BEI VORSATZ, ARGLISTIGER TÄUSCHUNG, GROBER
FAHRLÄSSIGKEIT, DER VERLETZUNG VON LEIB, LEBEN ODER
GESUNDHEIT UND SOWEIT DIE HAFTUNG GESETZLICH NICHT
BESCHRÄNKT ODER AUSGESCHLOSSEN WERDEN KANN. BEI
FAHRLÄSSIGER VERLETZUNG EINER PFLICHT, DEREN ERFÜLLUNG
WESENTLICH FÜR DIE DURCHFÜHRUNG DES VERTRAGS IST
(KARDINALPFLICHT), HAFTEN DIE AUTOREN ODER
URHEBERRECHTSINHABER DER HÖHE NACH BEGRENZT AUF DEN
SCHADEN, DER BEI VERTRAGSSCHLUSS VORHERSEHBAR UND
TYPISCH IST.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">DARÜBER
HINAUS IST EINE HAFTUNG AUSGESCHLOSSEN.
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">DIE
VORSTEHENDE HAFTUNGSBESCHRÄNKUNG GILT AUCH FÜR DIE
HAFTUNG DER MITARBEITER, VERTRETER UND ORGANE DER
AUTOREN ODER URHEBERRECHTSINHABER.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US">Finally, I would like to note that the
license has been legally reviewed by our law firm.
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US">I will be happy to answer any further
questions.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"
lang="EN-US"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE">Kind
Regards</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE">Niccolo</span><span
style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE"> </span><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE">Langenheim</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
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style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE">Niccolo</span></b><b><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE">
</span></b><b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE">Langenheim</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE">Luther
Rechtsanwaltsgesellschaft mbH</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE">Anna-Schneider-Steig
22 (Rheinauhafen), 50678 Köln, Germany</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE">Phone:
+49 221 9937 21105</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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+49 221 9937 110</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE">Mobile:
+49 152 016 21105</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#C7114A;mso-fareast-language:DE"><a
href="mailto:niccolo.langenheim@luther-lawfirm.com" title="Click to send
email to Langenheim, Niccolo"
moz-do-not-send="true"><span
style="color:#C7114A">niccolo.langenheim@luther-lawfirm.com</span></a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
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style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><a
href="http://www.luther-lawfirm.com/"
moz-do-not-send="true"><span
style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:blue;mso-ligatures:none;mso-fareast-language:DE;text-decoration:none"><img
style="width:1.1354in;height:1.0416in"
id="_x0000_i1037"
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alt="Luther Lawfirm - Juve 2024" class=""
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE">Einen
Überblick über unsere aktuellen
Veranstaltungen finden Sie im
</span><u><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#C7114A;mso-fareast-language:DE"><a
href="https://www.luther-lawfirm.com/newsroom/veranstaltungen"
moz-do-not-send="true"><span
style="color:#C7114A">Luther-Terminkalender</span></a></span></u><o:p></o:p></p>
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style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:DE"><br>
<br>
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</span><a href="http://www.luther-lawfirm.com/"
moz-do-not-send="true"><span
style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:blue;mso-ligatures:none;mso-fareast-language:DE;text-decoration:none"><img
style="width:2.8854in;height:.5416in"
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class="" width="277" height="52" border="0"></span></a><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p> <o:p></o:p></p>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center"
align="center"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-ligatures:none;mso-fareast-language:DE">
<hr width="100%" size="2" align="center">
</span></div>
<p><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Geschäftsführer:
Elisabeth Lepique, Dr. Markus Sengpiel</span><br>
<span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Die
Gesellschaft ist eingetragen beim Registergericht Köln</span><br>
<span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">(Sitz
der Gesellschaft) Nr. HRB 39853<br>
<br>
Information on how Luther handles your personal data can
be found <a
href="https://www.luther-lawfirm.com/datenschutzinformation-mandanten"
moz-do-not-send="true">here</a>.<br>
This e-mail communication (and any attachment/s) is
confidential and intended only for the individual(s) or
entity named above and others who have been specifically
authorised to receive it. If you are not the intended
recipient, please do not read, copy, use or disclose the
contents of this communication to others. Please notify
the sender that you have received this e-mail in error,
by calling the phone number indicated or by e-mail, and
delete the e-mail (including any attachment/s)
subsequently. This information may be subject to
professional secrecy (e. g. of auditor, tax or legal
advisor), other privilege or otherwise be protected by
work product immunity or other legal rules. Thank you.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center"
align="center"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-ligatures:none;mso-fareast-language:DE">
<hr width="100%" size="2" align="center">
</span></div>
<p> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><br>
<span
style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-ligatures:none;mso-fareast-language:DE"><br>
<br>
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<pre>_______________________________________________<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>The opinions expressed in this email are those of the sender and not necessarily those of the Open Source Initiative. Communication from the Open Source Initiative will be sent from an opensource.org email address.<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre> <o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>License-review mailing list<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><a href="mailto:License-review@lists.opensource.org" moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext">License-review@lists.opensource.org</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><a href="http://lists.opensource.org/mailman/listinfo/license-review_lists.opensource.org" moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext">http://lists.opensource.org/mailman/listinfo/license-review_lists.opensource.org</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
</blockquote>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-ligatures:none;mso-fareast-language:DE">--
<br>
Pamela S. Chestek Chair, License Committee Open Source
Initiative</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p> <o:p></o:p></p>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center"
align="center"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-ligatures:none;mso-fareast-language:DE">
<hr width="100%" size="2" align="center">
</span></div>
<p><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Geschäftsführer:
Elisabeth Lepique, Dr. Markus Sengpiel</span><br>
<span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Die
Gesellschaft ist eingetragen beim Registergericht Köln</span><br>
<span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">(Sitz
der Gesellschaft) Nr. HRB 39853<br>
<br>
Information on how Luther handles your personal data can
be found <a
href="https://www.luther-lawfirm.com/datenschutzinformation-mandanten"
moz-do-not-send="true">here</a>.<br>
This e-mail communication (and any attachment/s) is
confidential and intended only for the individual(s) or
entity named above and others who have been specifically
authorised to receive it. If you are not the intended
recipient, please do not read, copy, use or disclose the
contents of this communication to others. Please notify
the sender that you have received this e-mail in error, by
calling the phone number indicated or by e-mail, and
delete the e-mail (including any attachment/s)
subsequently. This information may be subject to
professional secrecy (e. g. of auditor, tax or legal
advisor), other privilege or otherwise be protected by
work product immunity or other legal rules. Thank you.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center"
align="center"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-ligatures:none;mso-fareast-language:DE">
<hr width="100%" size="2" align="center">
</span></div>
<p> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-ligatures:none;mso-fareast-language:DE"><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<pre>_______________________________________________<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>The opinions expressed in this email are those of the sender and not necessarily those of the Open Source Initiative. Communication from the Open Source Initiative will be sent from an opensource.org email address.<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
<pre>License-review mailing list<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><a href="mailto:License-review@lists.opensource.org" moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext">License-review@lists.opensource.org</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><a href="http://lists.opensource.org/mailman/listinfo/license-review_lists.opensource.org" moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext">http://lists.opensource.org/mailman/listinfo/license-review_lists.opensource.org</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p> </p>
<hr>
<p><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Geschäftsführer:
Elisabeth Lepique, Dr. Markus Sengpiel</span><br>
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Die
Gesellschaft ist eingetragen beim Registergericht Köln</span><br>
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">(Sitz der
Gesellschaft) Nr. HRB 39853<br>
<br>
Information on how Luther handles your personal data can be
found <a
href="https://www.luther-lawfirm.com/datenschutzinformation-mandanten"
moz-do-not-send="true">here</a>.<br>
This e-mail communication (and any attachment/s) is
confidential and intended only for the individual(s) or entity
named above and others who have been specifically authorised
to receive it. If you are not the intended recipient, please
do not read, copy, use or disclose the contents of this
communication to others. Please notify the sender that you
have received this e-mail in error, by calling the phone
number indicated or by e-mail, and delete the e-mail
(including any attachment/s) subsequently. This information
may be subject to professional secrecy (e. g. of auditor, tax
or legal advisor), other privilege or otherwise be protected
by work product immunity or other legal rules. Thank you.</span></p>
<hr>
<p> </p>
<p><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span></p>
<br>
<fieldset class="moz-mime-attachment-header"></fieldset>
<pre class="moz-quote-pre" wrap="">_______________________________________________
The opinions expressed in this email are those of the sender and not necessarily those of the Open Source Initiative. Communication from the Open Source Initiative will be sent from an opensource.org email address.
License-review mailing list
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:License-review@lists.opensource.org">License-review@lists.opensource.org</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://lists.opensource.org/mailman/listinfo/license-review_lists.opensource.org">http://lists.opensource.org/mailman/listinfo/license-review_lists.opensource.org</a>
</pre>
</blockquote>
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