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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link="#0563C1" vlink="#954F72"><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoPlainText><span style='background:yellow;mso-highlight:yellow'>Responses inline. /Larry</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText>-----Original Message-----<br>From: John Cowan [mailto:cowan@mercury.ccil.org] <br>Sent: Friday, September 12, 2014 8:49 AM<br>To: lrosen@rosenlaw.com; License submissions for OSI review<br>Subject: Re: [License-review] Request for Approval of Universal Permissive License (UPL)</p><p class=MsoPlainText><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText>Lawrence Rosen scripsit:<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText>> Remember typical practice: Alice goes to SourceForge, finds Bob's free <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText>> BSD program, copies it, compiles and links it, and distributes her software.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText>> Bless her! This is precisely what the FOSS community wants to see.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText>Actually, we don't know if that's truly typical or not. It's quite likely that "Alice goes to SourceForge etc. etc. and distributes her software in binary form under a proprietary license" is the more frequent scenario, it's just that we don't see it or hear about it.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText><span style='color:black;background:yellow;mso-highlight:yellow'><LR> And when her system administrator reports her to the FOSS police, or more likely when Ameriprise sues her for some unrelated reason, we'll see and hear about it. What then?</span><span style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText>> Bob will have many things to prove including, most important, that <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText>> somehow he was damaged by Alice's actions<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText>Statutory damages makes that unnecessary, no? In effect, copyright violation is almost a matter of strict liability, though of course the amount of the damages are affected by scienter, and the definition of fair use somewhat alleviates the burden. (Arguably, unfair use should be an element of the tort rather than fair use being a defense, but that's not the way the law is applied today.)<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText><span style='color:black;background:yellow;mso-highlight:yellow'><LR> I refuse to play hypothetical games with damages calculations. Better on these lists to use the term with its colloquial meaning, which is "How was Bob harmed?" Treat it here as a question of equity rather than of law.</span><span style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText>> and that this isn't just a typical legitimate way that one copyrighted <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText>> FOSS program is built on top of another.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText>But Alice's program is not FOSS in my hypo here.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText><span style='color:black;background:yellow;mso-highlight:yellow'><LR> True. But it could have been such, under <u>any</u> FOSS license whatsoever, without an ounce of license incompatibility.</span><span style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText>-- <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText>John Cowan <a href="http://www.ccil.org/~cowan"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>http://www.ccil.org/~cowan</span></a> <a href="mailto:cowan@ccil.org"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>cowan@ccil.org</span></a><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText>Man has no body distinct from his soul, for that called body is a portion of the soul discerned by the five senses, the chief inlets of the soul in this age. --William Blake<o:p></o:p></p></div></body></html>