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    On 02/19/2012 02:21 PM, Chad Perrin wrote:
    <blockquote cite="mid:20120219222114.GA21680@hemlock.hydra"
      type="cite">
      It seems theoretically possible, at least, that a copyright
      license could
      affect or control use for a licensee<br>
    </blockquote>
    You don't have to be theoretical. Use generally requires the
    production of an ephemeral copy, as would be made when loading a
    program from disk into RAM. There's a carve-out for this particular
    form of copying in 17 USC 117(a), but it only applies to the owner
    of a copy of the program.<br>
    <br>
    17 USC § 117 - Limitations on exclusive rights: Computer programs
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                class="psection-1"> <a name="a"></a> <span
                  class="enumbell">(a)</span> <b class="labelleader">
                  Making of Additional Copy or Adaptation by Owner of
                  Copy.— </b> <span class="ptext-">Notwithstanding the
                  provisions of section <a
                    href="http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/106"
                    title="§ 106 - Exclusive rights in copyrighted
                    works" alt="§ 106 - Exclusive rights in copyrighted
                    works">106</a>, it is not an infringement for the
                  owner of a copy of a computer program to make or
                  authorize the making of another copy or adaptation of
                  that computer program provided:
                </span>
                <div class="psection-2"> <a name="a_1"></a> <span
                    class="enumbell">(1)</span> <span class="ptext-">that
                    such a new copy or adaptation is created as an
                    essential step in the utilization of the computer
                    program in conjunction with a machine and that it is
                    used in no other manner, or
                  </span> </div>
                <div class="psection-2"> <a name="a_2"></a> <span
                    class="enumbell">(2)</span> <span class="ptext-">that
                    such new copy or adaptation is for archival purposes
                    only and that all archival copies are destroyed in
                    the event that continued possession of the computer
                    program should cease to be rightful.
                  </span> </div>
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                class="psection-1"> <a name="b"></a> <span
                  class="enumbell">(b)</span> <b class="labelleader">
                  Lease, Sale, or Other Transfer of Additional Copy or
                  Adaptation.— </b> <span class="ptext-">Any exact
                  copies prepared in accordance with the provisions of
                  this section may be leased, sold, or otherwise
                  transferred, along with the copy from which such
                  copies were prepared, only as part of the lease, sale,
                  or other transfer of all rights in the program.
                  Adaptations so prepared may be transferred only with
                  the authorization of the copyright owner.
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                class="psection-1"> <a name="c"></a> <span
                  class="enumbell">(c)</span> <b class="labelleader">
                  Machine Maintenance or Repair.— </b> <span
                  class="ptext-">Notwithstanding the provisions of
                  section <a
                    href="http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/106"
                    title="§ 106 - Exclusive rights in copyrighted
                    works" alt="§ 106 - Exclusive rights in copyrighted
                    works">106</a>, it is not an infringement for the
                  owner or lessee of a machine to make or authorize the
                  making of a copy of a computer program if such copy is
                  made solely by virtue of the activation of a machine
                  that lawfully contains an authorized copy of the
                  computer program, for purposes only of maintenance or
                  repair of that machine, if—
                </span>
                <div class="psection-2"> <a name="c_1"></a> <span
                    class="enumbell">(1)</span> <span class="ptext-">such
                    new copy is used in no other manner and is destroyed
                    immediately after the maintenance or repair is
                    completed; and
                  </span> </div>
                <div class="psection-2"> <a name="c_2"></a> <span
                    class="enumbell">(2)</span> <span class="ptext-">with
                    respect to any computer program or part thereof that
                    is not necessary for that machine to be activated,
                    such program or part thereof is not accessed or used
                    other than to make such new copy by virtue of the
                    activation of the machine.
                  </span> </div>
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                class="psection-1"> <a name="d"></a> <span
                  class="enumbell">(d)</span> <b class="labelleader">
                  Definitions.— </b> <span class="ptext-">For purposes
                  of this section—
                </span>
                <div class="psection-2"> <a name="d_1"></a> <span
                    class="enumbell">(1)</span> <span class="ptext-">the
                    “maintenance” of a machine is the servicing of the
                    machine in order to make it work in accordance with
                    its original specifications and any changes to those
                    specifications authorized for that machine; and
                  </span> </div>
                <div class="psection-2"> <a name="d_2"></a> <span
                    class="enumbell">(2)</span> <span class="ptext-">the
                    “repair” of a machine is the restoring of the
                    machine to the state of working in accordance with
                    its original specifications and any changes to those
                    specifications authorized for that machine.
                  </span> </div>
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